Backup from Storage Snapshots
Veeam Backup & Replication offers integration with certain storage arrays for VM snapshot offloading. The number of supported storage vendors and arrays is constantly growing, a current list can be reviewed here:
Backup from Storage Snapshots for the world’s leading storage providers
Licensing and system requirements are described in the Veeam User Guide: Backup from Storage Snapshots.
The storage integration covered in this section is VMware only and does not apply for Hyper-V. Any protocol supported by Backup from Storage Snapshots will utilize the Advanced Data Fetcher to optimize for retrieving data on enterprise grade storage.
Backup from Storage Snapshots (BfSS) is a feature included in the storage array integrations and a way to optimize and enhance VM backups in a very easy way. The main objective for implementing BfSS is to minimize the lifetime of a VM snapshot, which reduces the time for VM snapshot commit and I/O the vSphere environment.
For regular VADP based backups, the VM snapshot is created and remains open (VM snap lifetime) until the VM backup is completed. Especially with large or highly transactional VMs, that can lead to large snapshot delta files being created during the backup followed by hours of snapshot commit tasks within vSphere producing high I/O on the production storage. Ultimately, these long snapshot commits may lead to unresponsive VMs. For more information about the impact of VM snapshots please see the "Interaction with vSphere" section of this book.
How it works
By using BfSS, the VM snapshot lifetime will be significantly reduced. In this section, we will go through the steps performed.
Application-aware processing ensures transactional consistency
within the VM
Veeam requests a VM snapshot via VMware APIs
Immediately after creating the VM snapshot, a storage snapshot
request is issued for saving the VM including the application
consistent VM snapshot within the storage snapshot.
When the storage snapshot has been created, the VM snapshot is deleted
(NetApp only - optional) Trigger a replication update to
secondary storage via SnapMirror or SnapVault
Mount storage snapshot to the Veeam backup proxy server
Read data from the storage snapshot and write to a Veeam backup repository
VM processing limit
When adding a large number of virtual machines to a job, by default steps 1 and 2 (above) are repeated until all virtual machines within the job have successfully completed. Only then will BfSS proceed to step 3 and issue the storage snapshot. If adding 100s of VMs to a backup or replication job, this could cause a very high VM snapshot lifetime for the first VMs in the job list.
When configuring such large jobs, it is advised to configure the maximum number of VMs within one storage snapshot. The setting is available in the advanced job settings under the Integration tab.
Example: When creating a job with 100 VMs, and setting the limit to 10, BfSS will instruct the job manager to process the first 10 VMs (step 1 and 2), issue the storage snapshot and proceed with the backup (step 3-7). When step 7 has successfully completed for the first 10 VMs, the job will repeat the above for the following 10 VMs in the job.
As seen below, when ensuring proper configuration of BfSS, minimal VM snapshot lifetime is achieved, and reduces overall I/O penalty on the production storage for highly transactional VMs.
Configuration
Enabling BfSS requires minimal configuration, but understanding the tasks and responsibilities of involved components are key when troubleshooting and optimizing for high performance and low RTO/RPO.
The backup server is responsible for all API requests towards vSphere and storage arrays for determining present volumes, snapshots and all necessary details such as initiator groups, LUN mappings and which protocols are available.
The proxy server(s) are used for reading data from the storage snapshot and sending it to the backup repository. To leverage Backup from Storage Snapshots, the following configuration requirements must be met:
Backup server must have access to the management interfaces of the storage array. All additional prerequisites such as LUN mappings, creation of initiator groups for iSCSI, altering NFS exports and snapshot management are subsequently handled via this connection.
Backup proxy servers must be able to directly access the storage array via the same protocol used for connecting the production datastore (FibreChannel, iSCSI or NFS). As opposed to using Direct Storage Access, it is not a requirement for the proxy server to have access to the production datastore itself, as it reads data blocks directly from the cloned storage snapshot.
As described in previous sections, the backup server and proxy server can be deployed on one single server or scaled out on different servers. In most environments, where BfSS is applicable, the components are usually separated for scalability reasons.
When to use
When using Backup from Storage Snapshots, overall job processing may take longer, as additional steps are performed such as mapping vSphere Changed Block Tracking (CBT) to offsets of the storage snapshot, and the snapshot must be cloned and mounted on the backup proxy server. The mount overhead can take several seconds on block protocols as HBAs or initiators must be rescanned. It mostly affects FC deployments.
With this in mind, using BfSS on small VMs or VMs with a very low change rate is not advised. As the VM snapshot lifetime on such VMs is very short, the benefits of using BfSS are minimal.
In most environments, large VMs or highly transactional VMs producing large amounts of changed data benefit most from using BfSS. Using the VM Change Rate Estimation report in Veeam Availability Suite, you may quickly identify such VMs.
VMs with either virtual or physical Raw Device Mapping (RDM) are not supported with BfSS. Such VMs will failover to backing up via standard methods if allowed in the job settings.
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